1. Lead Poisoning
One major factor believed to have contributed to the disaster is lead poisoning.
- The canned food supplied was sealed with lead solder.
- Lead contamination likely caused neurological damage and weakened the men.
- Bone and tissue analyses of recovered crew members showed high lead levels.
2. Scurvy and Malnutrition
Vitamin C deficiency, or scurvy, was a common and deadly disease among sailors lacking fresh fruits and vegetables.
- Symptoms include weakness, gum disease, and bleeding.
- The expedition’s preserved food lacked adequate vitamin C.
3. Tuberculosis and Other Diseases
Evidence from remains suggests that some crew members suffered from tuberculosis and respiratory infections.
The March for Survival
By 1848, after spending nearly two years trapped in the ice, the ships were abandoned.
- Survivors attempted a desperate march southward toward safety.
- The journey was over 80 miles across treacherous terrain.
- Many succumbed to exhaustion, starvation, and cold. shutdown123